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THE DAILY INDEX

Technology, AI, software, security, crypto and business

MARKETS & BUSINESS

TLDR Crypto

SCALING BITCOIN + ETHEREUM TOGETHER

Starknet plans to become the first Layer 2 to settle on both Bitcoin and Ethereum. It uses ZK-STARKs to scale Bitcoin from 7 TPS to thousands, reduce fees to $0.002, and enable cryptographically-secured, trustless DeFi by early 2026. The Bitcoin bridge strategy will start with federated models, advancing to BitVM, and ultimately supporting OP_CAT for trustless bridging and withdrawal. The unified L2 approach will promote greater cross-chain liquidity and interoperability.

THE PATH TO SECURE AND EFFICIENT ZKVMS: HOW TO TRACK PROGRESS

zkVMs aim to simplify zero-knowledge cryptography adoption for proving program execution for applications, but faces hurdles with security vulnerabilities and performance overhead being a million times slower than native execution. A proposed roadmap outlines staged goals over 2-4 years to achieve secure implementations and reduce proving overhead exponentially. These advancements could reshape how blockchains scale and provide privacy-preserving properties.

L2 BLOCKS ARE STUPID (BUT IT'S FINE)

Unlike L1 blocks, which are critical for consensus and chain integrity, L2 blocks are largely artificial constructs batched for L1 settlement, rendering low block times an adjustable and overhyped engineering metric. Advances like streaming mini-blocks, which reduce intervals to as low as 15ms, improve transaction visibility by speeding up communication between sequencers and RPC nodes. Streaming blocks shift attention from block time marketing to the real driver of L2 user experience: efficient execution and network latency.

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