GEORGIA TECH RESEARCHER REVERSE-ENGINEERS APPLE'S NEURAL ENGINE FROM SILICON TO FIRMWARE

Summary from the TLDR Hardware newsletter

Every Apple chip since the A11 and M1 ships a Neural Engine that runs on-device AI across over 2.5 billion active devices, yet Apple has never published an instruction set, driver interface, or way to even confirm a computation ran on it. This guide bypasses Core ML entirely, reaching the ANE directly through the compiler, runtime, kernel driver, and firmware via a mix of live silicon measurement and static/dynamic reverse engineering, cross-checking both methods against each other.