Daily Edition · Page 5

THE DAILY INDEX

Technology, AI, software, security, crypto and business

ATTACKS & VULNERABILITIES

TLDR InfoSec

SENIOR DATING DATA BREACH EXPOSES MORE THAN 700K USERS

A data breach at the app Senior Dating has exposed the data of over 700K users. The owner of the site acknowledged the breach as well as a breach on Ladies.com which affected over 100K users in an email announcing the closing of both apps. The breached data includes bios, dates of birth, drinking habits, education levels, email addresses, genders, geographic locations, occupations, profile photos, relationship statuses, smoking habits, and social media profiles.

THE DARK SIDE OF DOMAIN-SPECIFIC LANGUAGES: UNCOVERING NEW ATTACK TECHNIQUES IN OPA AND TERRAFORM

Researchers from Tenable investigated the OPA policy-as-code language and the Terraform infrastructure-as-code language and discovered new attack techniques. When investigating OPA they found that data can be exfiltrated from IMDSv2 using the http.send function in Rego or via DNS tunneling if http.send is disabled. In Terraform, the team explored some known weaknesses in Terraform plans such as usage of the external, HTTP, or external data source as well as the local-exec and remote-exec provisioners. Tenable suggests only using trusted modules and policies, setting up cloud and application logging, limiting network access, and scanning to mitigate these risks.

CROSS-IDP IMPERSONATION: HIJACKING SSO TO ACCESS DOWNSTREAM APPS

Cross-IdP impersonation is an attack in which an attacker signs up for an account on an app that can function as an IdP and links it to the employee's company email address via a “use existing email” option. The attacker then either bypasses verification or verifies the domain by clicking a link in the email (or socially engineering an employee to click the link). The attacker can then sign into downstream apps by using the “sign in with” option with their impersonated IdP. Application protections against this attack vary significantly so Push Security suggests that companies alert on activation links to employee's emails, warn users of the risks associated with phishing, where possible configure SaaS apps to require reauthentication to add a new IdP, and where possible prevent the conversion of a personal account to a corporate account.

INSIDE ZLOADER'S LATEST TRICK: DNS TUNNELING

Zloader, a malware originally designed for banking trojans, has evolved into a sophisticated ransomware deployment tool. It now uses DNS tunneling, anti-analysis capabilities, and an interactive shell. Zloader attacks have become more targeted, and the malware has been updated with new features to evade detection. A specific variant, "BB3", is linked to Black Basta ransomware operations. Zloader's authors are focused on making the malware more resilient against security controls.

I BOUGHT US-EAST-1.COM: A LOOK AT SECURITY, DNS TRAFFIC, AND PROTECTING AWS USERS

In 2021, Gabriel Koo noticed that the us-east-1.com domain was available and purchased it to prevent potential phishing. The most frequent DNS query that Koo observed was to a presumably production database (prod-backend-db.randomHash.us-east-1.com). Other top queries were to a loopback streaming service, a Cisco static file reputation host, and various cloud storage services. Koo encourages users to utilize tools like Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall to prevent possible typos like this one.

WHAT SUCKS IN SECURITY? RESEARCH FINDINGS FROM 50+ SECURITY LEADERS

In this article, Maya Kaczorowski distills lessons from interviews from 57 security leaders and discovers that the top three pain points in security are access management (overwhelmed by access request tickets), vulnerability management (struggling with too many vulnerabilities to patch), and SaaS logs (difficulty accessing and analyzing logs during incidents). Beyond technical issues, cultural complications like vendor sprawl, unclear ownership of assets, and challenges in communicating security risks make these problems even more difficult to address. While there's excitement about AI improving security tooling, many core security challenges remain fundamentally unchanged, with few true breakthrough innovations that have eliminated entire classes of security issues.

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