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Security researchers from Check Point's open-appsec tested the efficacy of several leading WAF solutions using a comprehensive dataset: 1,040,242 legitimate HTTP requests from 692 real websites [4], and 73,924 malicious payloads from common attack vectors.

2025.02.05
openappsec.ioSponsorTLDR InfoSec

GRUBHUB CONFIRMS DATA BREACH AFFECTING CUSTOMERS AND DRIVERS

Grubhub reported a data breach through a third-party provider that affects customers, merchants, and drivers. Hackers accessed personal information including names, emails, phone numbers, and partial payment data for some campus diners. While hashed passwords were exposed, bank details and Social Security numbers weren't compromised.

2025.02.05
techcrunch.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

ZYXEL WON'T PATCH NEWLY EXPLOITED FLAWS IN END-OF-LIFE ROUTERS

Zyxel has issued a security advisory about actively exploited flaws in CPE series devices that it has no plans to fix. VulnCheck released the full details of two CVEs - one is for insecure default passwords and the other is for improper command validation leading to command injection. According to FOFA and Censys, there are over 1,500 potentially vulnerable devices that are internet exposed.

2025.02.05
bleepingcomputer.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

AMD SEV-SNP VULNERABILITY ALLOWS MALICIOUS MICROCODE INJECTION WITH ADMIN ACCESS

A security flaw in AMD's SEV could allow an attacker to inject malicious CPU microcode with admin access. The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2024-56161, has a high severity score of 7.2 and could lead to loss of confidentiality and integrity in a virtual machine environment. Google researchers discovered the flaw and AMD is working on a fix to address the issue.

2025.02.05
links.tldrnewsletter.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

PHISHING FOR REFRESH TOKENS

This article examines an Attacker-in-the-Middle technique for stealing access and refresh tokens from the OAuth 2.0 authorization flow. The attacker first allows the user to go through the initial steps of the OAuth 2.0 flow until a response from the upstream server that has a header containing “nativeclient?code=“ is seen. This code can be used to request access and refresh tokens from the /oauth2/token endpoint.

2025.02.05
zolder.io6 min readTLDR InfoSec

8 MILLION REQUESTS LATER, WE MADE THE SOLARWINDS SUPPLY CHAIN ATTACK LOOK AMATEUR

Watchtowr Labs researchers discovered abandoned Amazon S3 buckets and monitored incoming requests to them. They found vulnerabilities in how these abandoned buckets were accessed and used by organizations, highlighting security risks. They registered and monitored the abandoned buckets to raise awareness and improve internet security.

2025.02.05
labs.watchtowr.com38 min readTLDR InfoSec

SCOPE

An automated GitHub Actions-based crawler that fetches and updates public scopes from popular bug bounty platforms (like HackerOne, Bugcrowd, and Intigriti, etc) that updates every 10 minutes.

2025.02.05
github.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

SECCOMP-DIFF

Seccomp-Diff is a tool that analyzes binaries and containers to extract and disassemble seccomp-bpf profiles. It includes a CLI tool for comparing seccomp profiles between containers and a web interface for visually comparing system calls within a Kubernetes cluster. The project is open-source under the MIT License but has limitations regarding architecture support and Kubernetes deployment.

2025.02.05
github.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

PEOPLE-RESEARCHER

The People Researcher Agent from Langchain AI searches the web for information about a person and organizes it based on a JSON schema provided by the user. The agent follows a multi-step process to research, extract, and evaluate data, allowing for thorough information collection. Users can customize the schema for the structured data output and evaluate the agent's performance using a provided dataset and evaluation script.

2025.02.05
github.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

ANTHROPIC DARES YOU TO JAILBREAK ITS NEW AI MODEL

Anthropic has released Constitutional Classifiers, a new system for preventing AI model jailbreaks. The system uses natural language rules and extensive training data to detect and block prohibited content requests. It has withstood 3,000+ hours of bug bounty testing. Anthropic invites public testing through to February 10.

2025.02.05
arstechnica.com7 min readTLDR InfoSec

REVERSE ENGINEERING CALL OF DUTY ANTI-CHEAT

An in-depth look at the user-mode Treyarch Anti-Cheat (TAC) system used in Call of Duty Black Ops Cold War. The system uses Arxan as an obfuscation/protection tool which includes features such as runtime executable decryption, continuous executable checksum monitoring, Jmp and entry point obfuscation, and pointer encryption. Layered on top of this is TAC, which features various anti-cheat systems like network monitoring, API hook detection, debug register detection, anti-debugging capabilities, visuals detection, and custom syscall encryption, among others, and terminates the process on detection.

2025.02.05
ssno.cc39 min readTLDR InfoSec

HACKERS USE FAKE WEDDING INVITATIONS TO SPREAD ANDROID MALWARE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

A malware campaign was spotted targeting Android users in Malaysia and Brunei with fake wedding invitations that prompt users to download an app to view the invitation. The malware is an infostealer that harvests sensitive data from messaging apps, email, and call logs. It utilizes compromised WhatsApp and Telegram accounts to spread further.

2025.02.04
therecord.media2 min readTLDR InfoSec

GOOGLE FIXES ANDROID KERNEL ZERO-DAY EXPLOITED IN ATTACKS

Google patched 48 vulnerabilities in February's Android security releases, including a new kernel zero-day under active exploitation. The kernel vulnerability was a privilege escalation vulnerability in the USB Video Class driver that could allow local, authenticated attackers to escalate privileges. The updates also include a fix for a critical vulnerability in Qualcomm's WLAN component.

2025.02.04
bleepingcomputer.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

SAFEGUARDING YOUR DATA WHEN USING DEEPSEEK R1 IN RAG PIPELINES

This post describes the RAG process and where authorization fits in. SpiceDB can be used to apply Relationship-Based Access Control (ReBAC), which can be used to create pre or post query filters to the pipeline. The second part of the series contains a step-by-step guide for implementing this authorization scheme using Langchain.

2025.02.04
dev.to6 min readTLDR InfoSec

OPA GATEKEEPER BYPASS REVEALS RISKS IN KUBERNETES POLICY ENGINES

Gatekeeper enforces security policies in Kubernetes by using Constraints and ConstraintTemplates to control cluster access and prevent unauthorized actions. Administrators can define custom policies or use pre-built templates to enhance cluster security by leveraging Gatekeeper. However, misconfigurations in policy logic, such as omitting trailing slashes in Constraint values, can introduce security risks and allow for policy bypasses.

2025.02.04
aquasec.com7 min readTLDR InfoSec

CONIFERS.AI (PRODUCT LAUNCH)

Conifers.ai maps incidents to a relevant security use case and uses pre-trained underlying agents and models to handle the complexities of security operations incidents.

2025.02.04
conifers.aiTLDR InfoSec

PWN

PWN is an open security automation framework that promotes trust and innovation by leveraging pre-built modules and allowing users to create custom automation drivers. Installation is straightforward on Debian-Based Linux Distros and OSX, with instructions provided on GitHub. Users are encouraged to contribute to the framework's success by providing access to commercial security tools and following the guidelines for contributing.

2025.02.04
github.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

AUTHENTIK

authentik is an open-source Identity Provider that emphasizes flexibility and versatility. It supports various protocols like OAuth2 and LDAP for easy integration with existing environments. The product offers user-friendly dashboards and comprehensive documentation for easy installation and configuration.

2025.02.04
github.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

OWASP NON-HUMAN IDENTITIES TOP 10: FORGING A NEW STANDARD IN CLOUD SECURITY

The OWASP recently launched a new project called the OWASP Non-Human Identities Top 10 to categorize the most common vulnerabilities affecting non-human identities. This post includes an overview of each vulnerability class as well as additional insights from the Orca Research Pod. It concludes with recommendations on how to prevent these vulnerabilities, such as using JIT provisioning, rotating secrets, and mapping third-party integrations.

2025.02.04
links.tldrnewsletter.com11 min readTLDR InfoSec

AWS DATASYNC ADDS SUPPORT FOR KERBEROS AUTHENTICATION

AWS has added support to DataSync SMB locations for Kerberos authentication. DataSync is used for syncing data between AWS services, on-prem networks, or multiple clouds using SMB. Previously, only NTLM authentication was available.

2025.02.04
aws.amazon.com1 min readTLDR InfoSec

COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER DATA BREACH AFFECTS 1M PATIENTS

A cyberattack on the Community Health Center affected over 1 million patients' personal and medical data. The breach, discovered on January 2, follows recent attacks on Frederick Health and NY Blood Center. Though access was quickly blocked, CHC is offering affected patients free identity theft protection and monitoring services.

2025.02.03
darkreading.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

TIME BANDIT CHATGPT JAILBREAK BYPASSES SAFEGUARDS ON SENSITIVE TOPICS

A security researcher discovered a new jailbreak for ChatGPT that involves abusing a mechanism to confuse ChatGPT into believing that it's in the past (temporal confusion) and then asking ambiguous questions. This vulnerability allowed the researcher to ask ChatGPT for information such as how a programmer in the 1700s could create polymorphic malware with modern techniques. The researcher attempted to disclose this vulnerability to OpenAI with the aid of various government agencies, but the vulnerability has not been fixed.

2025.02.03
bleepingcomputer.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

ISSUE WITH AWS SIGN-IN IAM USER LOGIN FLOW

AWS has remediated an issue with IAM use sign-in flow that could allow for a malicious user to enumerate logins. The vulnerability was due to a timing attack in which the server response times for a valid or invalid user varied. AWS remediated the issue by introducing a timing delay across all authentication failure scenarios.

2025.02.03
aws.amazon.com2 min readTLDR InfoSec

A BRIEF HISTORY OF MASS HACKS

Major cybersecurity tools meant to protect networks have repeatedly become vectors for mass hacking campaigns. From 2023-2025, vulnerabilities in products by Cisco, Citrix, Ivanti, Palo Alto, and more have led to widespread breaches affecting thousands of organizations and millions of individuals. This post dives into the brief history of these attacks.

2025.02.03
techcrunch.com7 min readTLDR InfoSec

TESTING AND EVALUATING GUARDDUTY DETECTIONS

The AWS GuardDuty team has released a tool called GuardDuty Tester to generate infrastructure and synthetic events to test GuardDuty alerts and actions. This post walks through deploying GuardDuty Tester and creating alerts and automations based on GuardDuty findings. AWS has cautioned users to not run GuardDuty Tester in production environments and ideally to use a dedicated account.

2025.02.03
aws.amazon.com8 min readTLDR InfoSec

EVERYONE KNOWS YOUR LOCATION: TRACKING MYSELF DOWN THROUGH IN-APP ADS

This investigation revealed how mobile apps, even with location services disabled, leak sensitive data through real-time bidding (RTB) systems and advertising networks, with Unity Ads, Facebook, and various data brokers collecting precise location data, device information, and behavioral patterns. It highlights how data brokers create comprehensive user profiles by combining Mobile Advertising IDs (MAIDs) with personally identifiable information (PII), suggesting that security assessments should examine not just individual data points but the entire data flow ecosystem, including third-party integrations and data marketplace vulnerabilities.

2025.02.03
timsh.org10 min readTLDR InfoSec

CLUTCH SECURITY (PRODUCT LAUNCH)

Clutch's Universal Non Human Identity Security Platform can provide organizations with a unified view across all these identities, regardless of the environment they reside in, tracking their access, origin, ownership, storage, and usage.

2025.02.03
clutch.securityTLDR InfoSec

HAITI

A CLI tool (and library) that identifies hash types.

2025.02.03
github.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

STRATOSHARK

The team behind Wireshark has released a new tool called Stratoshark for monitoring system calls with a similar interface and syntax as Wireshark.

2025.02.03
sysdig.comGitHub repositoryTLDR InfoSec

AI AGENT IDENTITY: IT'S JUST OAUTH

OAuth provides the perfect model for authenticating AI Agents as it is designed for auditable and secure delegation of access. OAuth adoption is scant and even where it exists, scopes are often very minimal and incomplete. This solution doesn't scale to tools where the AI is acting as the user's identity such as ChatGPT Desktop or Claude computer use.

2025.02.03
mayakaczorowski.com9 min readTLDR InfoSec