TLDR InfoSec

TLDR INFORMATION SECURITY 2026-01-19

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01GENERAL

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02ATTACKS & VULNERABILITIES

CLAUDE COWORK EXFILTRATES FILES

Claude Cowork is a new general-purpose agent now available in research preview. It is vulnerable to indirect prompt injection via uploaded files and can be abused to exfiltrate sensitive documents. This attack exploits a previously reported, unremediated vulnerability in the Claude sandbox that allows network connections to the Claude API.

promptarmor.com3 min read

GRUBHUB CONFIRMS HACKERS STOLE DATA IN RECENT BREACH

Grubhub has confirmed that an unarmed threat actor accessed its systems and stole data. While Grubhub has not confirmed the identity of the threat actor, sources have reported that the ShinyHunters group is extorting the company. The threat actor is reportedly extorting the company to prevent the leak of data from an older Salesforce instance and to prevent the theft of data from the company's current Zendesk platform.

bleepingcomputer.com2 min read

HOW A HACKING CAMPAIGN TARGETED HIGH-PROFILE GMAIL AND WHATSAPP USERS ACROSS THE MIDDLE EAST

A phishing campaign delivered via WhatsApp targeted Iranian activists, academics, government officials, and business leaders across the Middle East, stealing Gmail credentials with 2FA codes, hijacking WhatsApp accounts via malicious QR codes, and attempting to exfiltrate location data, photos, and audio recordings. An exposed attacker server revealed 850+ records affecting fewer than 50 confirmed victims, with infrastructure registered as early as August 2025 using DuckDNS for domain masking. Security researchers noted hallmarks consistent with IRGC-linked spearphishing, though financial motivations have not been ruled out. Users should avoid clicking unsolicited WhatsApp links and regularly audit linked devices.

techcrunch.com9 min read

03STRATEGIES & TACTICS

PREPARED STATEMENTS? PREPARED TO BE VULNERABLE

Prepared statements are a standard recommendation to solve most SQL injection issues. This post demonstrates a technique discovered while working on a pentest for manipulating prepared statements in JavaScript applications using the mysql or mysql2 package. The packages convert arrays and JSON objects to SQL fragments by default, which could allow an attacker to perform SQL injection.

blog.mantrainfosec.com5 min read

THOUGHTS ON PROMPT INJECTION OPSEC

Prompt injection prompts are akin to 0days and should not be published. Prompt injection prompts that are not customer-specific should be shared because attackers already have access to prompt injection strings, so the benefit to defenders of seeing real-world threats outweighs the risks.

danielmiessler.com6 min read

HOW THREAT ACTORS ARE USING SELF-HOSTED GITHUB ACTIONS RUNNERS AS BACKDOORS

The Shai-Hulud worm demonstrated how attackers weaponize self-hosted GitHub Actions runners as persistent backdoors by installing rogue runners on compromised machines and using GitHub Discussions as a command-and-control channel via intentionally vulnerable workflows with command injection. The technique exploited the RUNNER_TRACKING_ID=0 environment variable to bypass process cleanup and achieve persistence, while all traffic flowed to github.com, evading traditional network defenses. Security teams should audit runner inventories for unauthorized registrations, implement ephemeral runners, restrict self-hosted runners to private repositories only, and deploy runtime detection for persistence techniques.

sysdig.com10 min read

04LAUNCHES & TOOLS

MCP BREACH-TO-FIX LABS

This repository contains a collection of 10 MCP challenges reproduced from real CVEs and public incident reports.

github.comGitHub repository

SIGDREAM

sigdream provides a sigreturn-oriented programming-based sleep obfuscation library that encrypts PT_LOAD segments and the heap.

github.comGitHub repository

TANGLED

Tangled is a phishing platform that weaponizes iCalendar rendering features in Microsoft Outlook and Gmail to automatically add spoofed meeting invites to targets' calendars without user interaction. The tool automates the delivery of social engineering campaigns and runs as Docker containers, with a web-based dashboard for managing phishing operations. Red teams can use this to test an organization's susceptibility to calendar-based phishing attacks that bypass traditional email security controls.

github.comGitHub repository

05MISCELLANEOUS

NPM TO IMPLEMENT STAGED PUBLISHING AFTER TURBULENT SHIFT OFF CLASSIC TOKENS

npm has announced a new release strategy called staged publishing to protect against future compromises in the wake of 2025's Shai-Hulud supply chain compromises. Staged publishing will complement npm's previous credentials safety efforts by requiring new project releases to be manually approved via an MFA-verified maintainer. Package maintainers have expressed a need for more registry-level protections after npm's chaotic removal of classic tokens.

links.tldrnewsletter.com10 min read

CRITICAL FLAW IN AWS CONSOLE RISKED COMPROMISE OF BUILD ENVIRONMENT

Researchers from Wiz discovered a vulnerability in the way CodeBuild CI pipelines handled build triggers. This vulnerability could have been exploited to take over AWS repositories, including the AWS JavaScript SDK, which powers the AWS console. AWS immediately took steps to remediate the vulnerability before any exploitation occurred.

cybersecuritydive.com3 min read

ACCOUNT TAKEOVER IN FACEBOOK MOBILE APP DUE TO USAGE OF CRYPTOGRAPHICALLY UNSECURE RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR AND XSS IN FACEBOOK JS SDK

A security researcher chained multiple vulnerabilities in Facebook's JavaScript SDK to achieve account takeover in the Facebook mobile app, exploiting Math.random() for callback identifier generation, DOM XSS via unsanitized SVG injection in the Customer Chat plugin, and X-Frame-Options bypass in mobile webviews. The attack reconstructed the PRNG state by forcing plugin iframe reinitializations and observing leaked window.name values, enabling prediction of security-critical callback identifiers. Meta awarded a $66,000 bounty and fixed the vulnerability in December 2023.

ysamm.com10 min read