TLDR InfoSec

TLDR INFORMATION SECURITY 2025-03-25

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01GENERAL

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THE DATA IS IN: 95% OF SECURITY FIXES DON'T REDUCE THE RISK

OX Security analyzed 101+ million security findings across 178 organizations [4] and the results are eye-opening : ONLY 2-5% OF THESE ALERTS ACTUALLY MATTER! The rest? Just static noise, draining your AppSec and Dev teams while real threats slip by unnoticed.

ox.securitySponsor

02ATTACKS & VULNERABILITIES

AUTHENTICATION BYPASS IN NEXT.JS

Next.js has disclosed a Critical (9.1/10) auth bypass vulnerability. Next.js uses an internal header, X-middleware-subrequest, to prevent infinite loops from recursive requests. The vulnerability allowed users to abuse the header, bypassing middleware checks, including authorization.

nextjs.org2 min read

OVER 3M APPLICANTS' DATA LEAKED ON NYU'S WEBSITE

This past Saturday, a hacker took over NYU's website for at least two hours and exposed the personal data of over 3M applicants in an act of hacktivism. The leaked data included names, test scores, majors, zip codes, financial data, and information on applicants' family members dating back to at least 1989. The hacker claimed to have breached NYU to expose its continued use of affirmative action after the 2023 SCOTUS ruling.

nyunews.com2 min read

03STRATEGIES & TACTICS

BYPASSING DETECTIONS WITH COMMAND-LINE OBFUSCATION

Defensive tools that use command-line arguments to detect malicious activity are vulnerable to a technique called ArgFuscator. Obfuscation can exploit parsing flaws in executables to evade security detections, highlighting weaknesses in current cybersecurity methods.

wietzebeukema.nl7 min read

UNRAVELING TIME: A DEEP DIVE INTO TTD INSTRUCTION EMULATION BUGS

Microsoft's Time Travel Debugging (TTD) framework is a powerful record-and-replay tool that uses CPU instruction emulation to replay program execution. Google's Mandiant team found a bug in the emulation engine and built a fuzzing harness to execute random instruction sequences through TTD and a real CPU, discovering three bugs in the process, which they reported to Microsoft.

cloud.google.com10 min read

TUTORIAL: UNPACKING EXECUTABLES WITH TINYTRACER + PE-SIEVE

This tutorial demonstrates how to unpack a modified UPX-packed executable using TinyTracer and PE-sieve tools, which avoids anti-debugging measures common in packed malware. The process involves first tracing the executable to identify its Original Entry Point (OEP), setting a stop offset in TinyTracer to pause execution at the OEP, then using HollowsHunter to dump and reconstruct the unpacked program with its Import Address Table. After dumping, final modifications are needed in PE-bear to fix the entry point and restore proper section characteristics for the executable to run successfully.

hshrzd.wordpress.com8 min read

04LAUNCHES & TOOLS

Sponsored

HOW ARE YOU MONITORING YOUR SECURITY INVESTMENTS?

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preludesecurity.comSponsor

TWISTR

Twistr is a domain name permutation and enumeration library powered by Rust. It aims to directly port the well-known dnstwist tool allowing for fast and flexible interfacing capabilities with the core libraries based on the client's requirements.

github.comGitHub repository

BOUNTY PROMPT

Bounty Prompt is a Burp Suite extension that allows users to save preconfigured AI prompts and automatically attach selected HTTP requests and responses.

github.comGitHub repository

05MISCELLANEOUS

ALBABAT RANSOMWARE EXPANDS TARGETS, ABUSES GITHUB

Albabat ransomware is evolving to target Windows, Linux, and macOS platforms. Retrieving components from a GitHub repository, it now harvests system information, encrypts files across multiple operating systems, and tracks infections in a PostgreSQL database.

securityweek.com3 min read

DRYRUN SECURITY VS TRADITIONAL SAST VENDORS IN RUBY ON RAILS

This post compares DryRun Security's contextual scanner to Snyk Code, GitHub Advanced Security, Semgrep, and SonarQube in finding vulnerabilities in the intentionally vulnerable RailsGoat. The test PR included SQL injection, XSS, SSRF, IDOR, user enumeration, and hardcoded token vulnerabilities. DryRun was the only tool that found all the vulnerabilities, whereas Semgrep found 3/6, GitHub and Snyk found 2/6, and SonarQube found none.

dryrun.security10 min read