BUILDING AND SHIPPING MAC AND IOS APPS WITHOUT EVER OPENING XCODE

Summary from the TLDR Dev newsletter

Building and shipping Mac and iOS apps can be accomplished without ever opening Xcode, as the necessary tools are within the Xcode installation and can be executed from the command line. After initial setup steps, including creating a Developer ID certificate and notarization credentials, developers can automate the entire build and deployment process using a single script that manages various stages like archiving, signing, notarizing, and installing the app.