DISCOVERY OF CELLS THAT KEEP IMMUNE RESPONSES IN CHECK WINS MEDICINE NOBEL PRIZE

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Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in the discovery of specialized immune cells that keep potentially harmful immune responses in check. These regulatory T cells play a key role in peripheral immune tolerance, a non-central process that allows the immune system to balance its response. The discovery has opened up new lines of research into peripheral immune tolerance. Researchers are now working on manipulating T cells so that they can't protect cancerous tumors, engineering them to treat autoimmune diseases, and recruiting them to protect transplanted organs and tissues.